Quantum technology utilizes the principles of quantum mechanics—such as superposition, entanglement, and quantum tunneling—to surpass the current limitations of computing, cryptography, sensing, and communication. These advances have significant implications for the defence sector, including secure communications, high-precision sensing, and powerful computational capabilities.

Traditional computers use bits that represent 0 or 1 to perform tasks. Quantum computers, on the other hand, use qubits, which can represent both 0 and 1 simultaneously (superposition). This feature allows quantum computers to process a vast amount of information concurrently, solving complex problems at speeds far beyond those of classical computers—critical for tasks like cryptanalysis and optimisation in defence scenarios.

The future of quantum technology in defence is promising, with the potential to revolutionize secure communications, intelligence gathering, battlefield management, and weapons systems. As research advances and technologies mature, quantum technology is expected to become integral to modern defence strategies, providing a significant edge in various military applications.